资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
诸多顽疾积重难返 中国足坛亟待荡涤沉疴****** 诸多顽疾积重难返,除弊革新需用重典—— 中国足坛亟待荡涤沉疴 兔年新春的节庆气氛尚未散去,中国足坛依然深陷寒冬——大年初四,已坚守十余年的武汉长江俱乐部宣布退出中国男子足球职业联赛,成为新赛季准备期第一支选择离开的球队。 近几个赛季以来,每逢联赛结束都有球队解散或者退出的消息传出,甚至还出现过中超冠军(江苏苏宁)夺冠后即解散的尴尬。究其原因,经营困难入不敷出只是表象,规划乱、理念杂、人才缺、管理差等困扰中国足坛尤其是职业联赛多年的沉疴顽疾难除才是根源。如果不能在上述关键环节彻底除弊革新,中国足球的未来依然艰难。 刚刚过去的一年,对于武汉足球而言可谓“冰火两重天”——作为“升班马”的武汉三镇一鸣惊人,一举拿下中超冠军;而在武汉乃至湖北足球危难时刻扛起大旗的武汉长江,却最终未能“挺住”,只能接受中超降级和退出职业联赛的双重苦涩。 武汉长江俱乐部在通告中并未明确退出原因,只是承认“俱乐部和球队管理运营方面有很多地方做得不够好”。但关注中超等国内职业足球联赛的人们不难想到,近年来经营环境持续恶化,俱乐部经营举步维艰,是他们最终选择告别的主因。武汉长江,成为昔日中国足坛“金元风暴”后遗症的又一个受害者。 据公开资料显示,自2011年12月卓尔控股(长江俱乐部投资方)全面接手球队以来,累计投入已近40亿元人民币。但即便如此,武汉长江在昔日一掷万金的广州恒大、河北华夏幸福、江苏苏宁等所谓“豪门”面前也是“小儿科”。 受到“金元足球”的裹挟,绝大多数中超俱乐部、部分中甲甚至是中乙球队,在近10年来盲目进行军备竞赛,投入一路狂飙。例如2017赛季的中超“升班马”贵州恒丰,在首个中超赛季的投入就高达10亿元人民币。如脱缰野马一般的高额投入,最终成为压垮俱乐部的沉重枷锁。 据统计,算上武汉长江,中超联赛近4个赛季连续有4家俱乐部宣布解散退出。近4年来,中超、中甲和中乙三级职业联赛更有多达45家俱乐部宣布解散或退出。 更令人担忧的是,即便是中国足协从2018年开始推行球员限薪、俱乐部限投等措施,即便绝大多数球队近两年来的投入已逐步回归理性,但“金元足球”所带来的后遗症依然难以快速消除。武汉长江之后,不排除还有其他中超和中甲球队在新赛季揭幕前退出。 中国足球开启职业化改革已超过20年,但至今能够做到自负盈亏的俱乐部依然是凤毛麟角。缺乏科学规划和“造血”功能,一直让中超等国内职业足球联赛受到外界诟病。而一度让职业联赛深受其害的“假赌黑”顽疾沉渣泛起,更是成为中国足球在除弊革新过程中必须要直面和解决的问题。 从去年11月26日国足原主教练李铁接受监察调查至今,中国足坛的新一轮扫黑风暴正在持续推进。 据媒体报道,在李铁接受调查的过程中,先后有多名前中超或中甲俱乐部的教练及管理人员受到调查。而在1月19日,国家体育总局网站发布消息,中国足协执委、原秘书长刘奕涉嫌严重违法,正接受有关部门监察调查,中国足协常务副秘书长兼国管部部长陈永亮涉嫌严重违纪违法接受审查调查。这表明涉及足协管理层的严重违纪违法事件调查取得重大进展。 对此,中国足协迅速召开会议,强调要汲取教训,以案为鉴,反思警醒,加强对足球从业人员管理监督,努力营造风清气正的足球生态。 有业内人士表示,新一轮的足坛反腐扫黑工作,是中国足球除弊革新,再次出发的重要契机。“确实到了需要改变的时候。只有真正打造具备科学规划和先进理念的青训体系,以及运转良好成熟的职业联赛,中国足球才有崛起的希望”。 新春伊始,沉寂多时的中国足坛,随着中国男足亚运队集训名单的出炉,以及几支国字号青年军的重新集结逐步开启了新征程。但到记者截稿时为止,新赛季中超联赛何时揭幕,中国男足帅位如何调整,中国足协换届工作何时展开等关键问题依然悬而未决。尽快吹响“开场哨”,对于现阶段的中国足球而言至关重要。(李元浩) (来源:工人日报 2023年02月01日 08版) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |